Method of forging



UNITED sTATEs Yl-:uifTENT1 oEEicE.

WILLIAM KLOCKE, OF NEW YORK, N. Y.,`ASIGNOR'TO PRSSED COMPANY, INC., 0FBROOKLYN NEW YORK, A` QORIORATIONOF NEW YORIL METHOD 0F FORGV'ING.

To all whom t may concern.'

Be it known that I, WILLIAM KLooKE, a

.citizen ofthe United States of America, re-

central portion in the nature of a hub sur-` rounded by one or moreoutwardly turned fianges or webs. The method is peculiarly adapted todrop-forging.

In the accompanying drawings,- Figure 1 is a side elevation of a billetFig. 2 is a side elevation of the forging re.

sulting from the first operation thereupon ;I

Fig. 3 is a mid-section ofthe forging diesv and billet, illustrating thesecond operation;

Fig. 4 is a similar section illustrating the final operation for theformation of a forging having a single circular flange;

' The remaining figures illustrate the ap-v plication of the inventionto the forging .of objects having two such flanges.

Fig. 5 is a view ofthe billet resulting from the first operation, andcorresponding to Fig. 2; v

Fig. 6 is a section of the forging resulting from the second operation,corresponding to thel forging shown in Fig. 3; i Fig. 7 is an elevationof the completed forging. In practising the invention for the productionof a sin le flanged vhub or other similar forging, roceed as follows:

A billet suchl as (Fig. il) is heated and placed between dies, andsubjected to a blow or pressure whereby it is upset to approximately theform shown at B in Fig. 2. This partly 4for ed billetB is then lplacedin the cavity o a die -C (gig. 3) and is struck or pressed by a diewhereby the outer hub portion of Fig. 2 is indented by the annularconical portion d of the dieI D, and issqueezed out into the form of a-Specication of Letters Patent. Application 1ed May 16, 191.9. 'SerialNo. 297,654.

' of the flange from operations already Patented May 4. 1.9240.

A the billet, asV shown at k.: The completed forging is lettered H.

eretofore,'in 4the effort to produce such' forgings as this forging Hfor use.as the hubs of vehicle wheels and other purposes, it has beencustomary to form thefiange -h solely by an upsetting process, themiddle portion of the 4billet being squeezed outwardly in two, orperhaps three, upsetting operations. Difficulty has been foundl inpractice in thus makin such forgings, -beform fissures, or'be otherwisedefective, ow-

upsetting operation.- This operation. results in a violent increase ofthe exterior `dimension of theflange, measured circumferentially, andany. limperfection in the billet,

cause ofthe liability o the flanged middle portion of the forging, whichis `forced outward4 by the upsetting action, to crack ory o'r anychilling below. the most desirable temperature, is almost, certain toresult vin radial cracks or other 1mperfect1ons.

The improved niethod provided by the present invention results in a moregradual operation and `a less violent or forcible stretching flange.' yindenting inthe manner shown -in Fig. 3, lthe billet previously flangedout in the manner shown in Fig.- 2, -the flange is reduced to so nearlyits final dimension' `of the marginal portion of the in thickness as toleave only about sufficient metal to form the finished fiange, the outerportion offiange c being for this purpose made of greater thicknessthan-its inner por'- tion, and by this second operation it has beencarried out to nearly its final projectlon from the center, and hence tonearly its final circumferential dimension. The last squeezingoperation, according to Fig. 4, i'snot 1n the nature of an upsettingoperation, butinvolves merely a further bending outward disk form. Themiddle of the flange isgthu's gradually shaped or coaxed outward.

To make a double-fianged hub or other similar forging according to thepresent 1nvention, itfis only necessary to duplicate the described.lThis will be clear from Figs. 5, 6 and 7. In Fig. 5 the original. ingotis shown in dotted4 llnes at conical form to fiat or A', and thefiangedingot formed therefrom is .shown in full lines yat B', having twohubs v ical flanges e and e in the same manner `as y the forging art.

the formation of the flange o in Fig. 3. The incomplete forging of Fig.6 is then placed within a divided die F', shown in dotted lines in Fig.7, and dies corresponding to the die G in Fig. 4 are brought against itfrom opposite sides, whereby the flanges e c are pressed into the finaldisk form of the flanges h h of Fig. 7, thereby forming the finisheddouble-flanged forging H.

The invention may be modified by making the successive steps more orless gradual, and by varying'the shape of the dies to accord with anydesired shape of forging that it is intended to produce.' In general,the method may be varied in any manner which will adapt it to therequirements of practice, as will be apparent to those skilled in In thereferences herein *l to the flanges e e as conical flanges, I am not tobe understood as being limited to these flanges being of preciselyconical form, since any form approximating a cone is to be consideredwithin the invention.

The indenting operation shown in Fig. 3, is performed solely by the dieD, which acts within the flange c, there being no squeezing out of theflange between two dies so that by flowing the metal fills the spacebetween them/as has heretofore been done.

I claim as my invention 1. The improved method of forging which consistsin partly upsetting a billet to form a thickened portion thereon, thenannularly indenting such thickened portion to form a conical flange,Vand finally flattening such conical flange. f

2. The improyed method of forging which consistsin forming a billet witha thickened end, then indenting said thickened end to squeeze its outerportion outwardly into conical form, and lfinally subjecting saidconical portion to pressure between dies to press it further outward-andto reduce its thickness to form an outwardly directed flange.

8. The improved method of forging which consists in forming a billetwith a thickened end, then, annularly indenting said billet to squeezeits outerL portion outwardly into conical form, while leaving itscentral portion of substantially its former length, and' 5. The improvedmethod of forging which consists in indenting a billet near its exteriorby pressure from one end only to squeeze the Vouter portion of metaloutwardly into'the form of an approximately conical web, by means of adie engaging only the inner side of the displaced metal. y

6. The improved methodof forging which consists in indenting the end ofa billet by means of a die entering said end whereby to squeeze themetal outwardly intoconical form, the outer portion of the displacedm'etall being formed of greater thickness than its inner portion.

` 7. The improved methodfor producing a double-flanged forging whichconsists in an-y nularly indenting opposite end portionsA of a billet toform two conical flanges thereon.

and subsequently flattening such conical v flanges.

In witness whereof, I have hereunto slgned my name.

WILLIAM KLOCKE.

